Optimum Efficiency Throughout The Pumping System
The Lowara e-MP series is a robust and reliable pumping system for virtually any high pressure application. Sarah Kuchera is senior vice president and electrical engineer at ccrd + WSP Her duties have included project management, production coordination, and project engineering on a variety of different projects including hospital, retail, hospitality, and office buildings.
An advanced climate control system, simple and effective in providing heat or cold in the various situations, water management in all domestic environments booster pump system without waste, and an always reliable security system in case of fire: these are just some of the applications for centrifugal pumps.
The techno-economic analysis showed that the best energy supply solution seemed to be the air-to-water heat pump without solar assistance, Figure 6. A 50% increase in the energy price could mean the solution with the solar assisted air-to-water heat pump become attractive.
For example, a conventional heat pump system used to heat a building in Montana's −70 °F (−57 °C ) low temperature or cool a building in the highest temperature ever recorded in the US—134 °F (57 °C) in Death Valley , California, in 1913 would require a large amount of energy due to the extreme difference between inside and outside air temperatures.
Although HVAC is executed in individual buildings or other enclosed spaces (like NORAD's underground headquarters), the equipment involved is in some cases an extension of a larger district heating (DH) or district cooling (DC) network, or a combined DHC network.
The ratio of the sum of rated capacities of on-off controlled terminal units to the sum of the rated capacities of all terminal units should be smaller than the smallest value of the ratios of the pressure difference across the mains at the distribution end (when all the connected terminal units are receiving their rated water flows) to the constant supply differential pressure for all distribution circuits.
The sizing criteria for the feeder supplying the fire pump are provided by NEC Article 695 (fire pumps), which indicates that the minimum size is 125% of the sum of the full-load amps of the fire pump and pressure maintenance pumps plus 100% of the remaining accessory equipment.
64. 61 Page UBBL by Law - Section 115 All roof of buildings shall be constructed as to drain effectively to suitable and sufficient channels, gutters, chutes or troughs which shall be provided in accordance with the requirements of these By-Laws for receiving and conveying all water which may fall on and from the roof.
The CIBSE Building Energy Code Part 2(a) which was first published in 1981 contains equations, which provide a link between the daily mean internal temperature, the control temperature during the occupied period and the thermal response of an intermittently heated building.
The Smart Cities agenda, coupled with new European Union (EU) regulations on energy efficiency and a global construction sector which is characterized by heavy cost pressures, is driving an evolution across the commercial buildings services industry.Efficiency is not only a business priority, it is a moral imperative, and with pumping systems accounting for almost 20% of the world's electrical energy demand1, water technology advances have a central role to play in supporting the drive for greater efficiency.